We were disabled after the war from US aid
Hungary was destroyed, plundered, and was not rebuilt during World War II. Western Europe has repaired a significant part of its economy over a decade from American Marshall aid. Hungary, on the other hand, could not get anything because the Soviet leadership forbade us to participate in the program. Instead, he didn’t give anything, but he took the war reparation.
-
Hungary did not receive American Marshall Aid after World War II, the Soviets forbidden its acceptance
-
Representatives of Hungary could not leave for the Paris conference on the distribution of about $ 14 billion offered by the US
-
The American Marshall program helped Western Europe in rapid reconstruction, but Hungary could only count on itself
In World War II, Hungary was not only huge in human losses. The passing front and bombings The industry, transport infrastructure and a significant part of its housing stock were ruined. The damage suffered were among the surrounding countries or even more outstanding than the Western European states due to the intensity of the fighting. Especially because Budapest was placed in the epicenter of the front. The the capital of countries was in ruinsits bridges were blown up.
After the war damage came the reparation of the winners
In this situation, Hungary’s situation made it even more tragic that there was nothing to rebuild it. As a loser state, the victorious states had to make compensation of $ 300 million (today $ 106 billion), which even sucked the remaining economic power and production capacity.
The ruined country has not been helped from anywhere to restore or reorganize its economy. And there would have been a chance, but it was prevented from taking advantage of the country from getting into the Soviet sphere of influence. Not only did the social and political influences have become tragic in a very short time, but also the economic. In this way, the country has fallen from the financial aid that the countries of Western Europe received. This is precisely due to the fact that they could quickly recover from war destruction.
From general became a historical program name
This financial doping agent was the US Marshall program. The United States is economically intact from the war, but he also needed Europe to be rebuilt. Just because European countries could be the biggest footage of US goods. On June 5, 1947, former Foreign Minister George C. Marshall announced that aid plan at Harvard University. The officially European reconstruction program has already entered history with its name.
Marshall program for all war-torn European countries He offered very significant support. In principle, Hungary and other states under Soviet influences could have been received. But only in principle. The Soviet Union prevented these states from getting this money. However, this would have been the only chance for Hungary to acquire an additional resource for faster rebuilding, restarting the economy, and better supply of the population.
For Soviet leadership received only a ban, not money. Hungary’s representatives could no longer go for the Paris conference on the distribution of $ 13.3 billion offered by the US, and the leaders of the Soviet Union and other states under its influence were not present. This amount is not small with today’s eyes, but it is worth knowing for the value of the time that one dollar was still $ 11.74 at the official exchange rate of the National Bank of Hungary. (In fact, a dollar was significantly more.)
According to today’s exchange rate, the total amount of the Marshall program would be HUF 5,000 billion. But even this can only illustrate the true weight of aid in the post -war everyday life. (In the dollar today, the amount would be worth $ 176.5 billion at the time.)
16 countries from Marshall Aid, which finally launched in April 1948, received 16 countries. 90 percent of the amount was received by war -torn states as aid and 10 percent as a loan. One third of the shipments to Europe were raw materials or some semi-finished products, roughly the same number of food or feed for food production, while half of the fuel came.
America has obtained orders for itself
From the majority of the aid, it was immediately an order for the US economy, meaning that the US is essentially a market built for its own companies. For America, this was the lasting sense of the Marshall program in addition to being politically stabilized by the western part of Europe and preventing further Soviet influence. The aid has created a long-term market relationship with the rebuilding Western European countries, which is essentially a cornerstone of global economic cooperation.
This may also be interested
The Hungarians were eagerly awaited to laugh, but the dictatorship came
This chapter could also begin with József Markstein. With the world traveler, the life artist, and the power artist. Because József Markstein was everything: for example, he installed a car in Strasbourg, and he knocked the Renaults until the day. Then he was used as an artist in the English park, and later he did not stop to Bulgaria, and he performed in Sofia, Varna, where he was written and talked about as an invincible bull of Hortobágy. Because he wrestled well. He danced in the Royal Revü Varieve, then discovered Senger Mici (Miss Arizona) as a parquet dancer in Arizona’s variety. He also had a boxing match with Count Festetics.
Hungary has not only lost the source of reconstruction that was also important to him by disabling it, but also from the possibility of economic catching up. This made the otherwise existing economic backlog of countries under Soviet influence. After all, while more advanced Western countries have been able to recover from the destruction of the war in a narrow decade, Hungary has moaned much further.
As a result of the rebuilding efforts, Hungary reached its economic performance by the end of the 1930s by the 1950s, but this was a very different economy, and the sources of further vigorous development were lacking in Western Europe.
We left the Truman Moving Moisters Indicator
Marshall was only a foreign minister for two years, but 1In 948 Time magazine was elected a man of the yearlater it was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. By this time the Rákosi era was already greeted in Hungary, in which it would have been inconceivable to accept any US aid. Without a Soviet prohibition, it would not have been possible for the country to be rebuilt with the money of the imperialists, improvement. Instead of American food, the attic sweep remained.
George C was General Marshall, but then became world famous as a foreign minister / photo: Getty Images
Very scarce sources of the country were partly spent on investments that have developed industries that do not fit domestic economic conditions. However, during the forced construction of the countries of iron and steel, there was a shortage of foods that have traditionally been the basis of the Hungarian economy.
From US aid, anything was only the index to Hungary, just after the war, when it was possible for a short time. These were used locomotives to restore rail transport. These were called by the railroad and names after the US President Truman, when it was or could be.
That is what left after the siege of Budapest from the house under Main Street 59 / Photo: Fortepan – Gellért Andor Tamás
Half of the Hungarian economy was destroyed
According to contemporary surveys, World War II destroyed 40 percent of Hungarian national wealth. The biggest damage to transportation is to 60 percent the amount of destroyed or deported goods. More than half of the manufacturing industry became inoperable due to the dismantling and removal of bombings and machines.
In proportion, the harm of agriculture was the smallest, 20 percent, but a significant part of the country has prevented a large part of the country from doing the necessary work on the land. Many tools were missing, as much of the livestock became the war of war.
