The State Duma was offered to prohibit issuing microloans with a bet more than 100%
Deputies plan new restrictions for the microcredit market. In the near future, microfinance organizations will not be able to issue new loans to the client with a bet above 100%if he did not pay off the previous, and the maximum amount of overpayment will have to be reduced to two -time compared to borrowed. Thus, it is supposed to break the re -wrapping chains that allow you to circumvent the current restrictions and drive the client into a debt spiral. Market participants consider the proposed measures excessive, given the regulatory restrictions that enter into force next year.
Legislators are going to significantly limit the activities of microfinance organizations (MFIs). In particular, it is proposed to prohibit the client to give the client a loan with a full value of above 100%, if he already has an outstanding loan. This follows from the amendments to the laws “On Microfinance Activities …”, “On Consumer Credit” and “On Credit Stories”, introduced in the State Duma on April 9 by a group of deputies and senators. The document also limits the maximum amount of overpayment for microcredit of 100% of the loan value instead of the current today 130%. In case of adoption, the law will enter into force on September 1, however, in terms of restrictions on issuing loans with a rate of more than 100%, it will begin to operate from the beginning of 2027.
From July 1, 2026 to January 1, 2027, there will be a transitional period in which it will not be possible to issue a third loan with a bet more than 200%.
The “Rule” one loan in one hands is introduced to protect the rights of borrowers entering the loans chains, when a new loan is drawn up at the same time if there is a valid or with a small interval after the repayment of current obligations. Thus, many debts are re -registered as new with an increase in debt load on a person, ”explains one of the authors of the bill, the head of the State Duma Committee on the financial market Anatoly Aksakov. According to him, in the total volume of issuance, such loans occupy 33%, and the inclusion in the new loan, in addition to the debt, also leads to a multiple increase in the debt of citizens. As a result, the debt burden of MFI borrowers is growing, despite the decrease in the maximum size of the rate on consumer loans to 0.8% per day, the deputy notes.
On the same day, the head of the Bank of Russia made proposals regarding the restriction of microloans in the State Duma.
Elvira Nabiullina said that in addition to the principle of “one expensive loan in one hand”, it is planned to introduce a three -day cooling period between loans, as well as reduce overpayment to 100%. “We need to break the chains of microloans, when the microfinance organization gives a person a loan so that he simply pays for the previous one – this is the right path to the debt spiral,” she said. The Central Bank told Kommersant that the bill was developed with the active participation of the Bank of Russia. At the same time, the implementation of changes « will require companies to revise their business models, scoring mechanisms, risk politician. » Therefore, a phased introduction of restrictions was accepted.
The MFI business continues to grow with a confident pace. In 2024, the volume of issuance of loans exceeded 1.5 trillion rubles, growth per year 51%. The profit of companies, although it decreased by 7% per year (See “Kommersant” from March 31), however, amounted to 52 billion rubles, which exceeds the result of 2022 by 30%, and 2021 by 81%.
Defenders of consumer rights note that the measure proposed in the bill is tough, but is due to the behavior of the market participants themselves. According to the expert of the Popular Front project “for the rights of borrowers” Alla Khrapunova, in their practice there were many cases when a person occupied 25 thousand rubles, and after six months he remained with a long half of a million. “With such chains of MFIs, restrictions on the accrual of delay are deftly. If the client did not go to the lender, then with a debt of 25 thousand rubles. And the delay in any duration of his debt could not exceed 57.5 thousand rubles, and further accruals would be stopped, ”she indicates.
Participants in the microfinance market consider the proposed measures to be redundant.
“From January 1, 2026, the procedure for self -training of income for loans is less than 50 thousand rubles. And the obligation to use only officially confirmed income when issuing loans and loans is introduced, ”the world notes in SRO. Together with macroprudentic limits, this will close the possibility of re -offering precisely for people with a high debt load, they think there.
Representatives of the MFI notes that the “re -wrap chains” did not become a mass phenomenon on the market. “This is not a norm for the market. The behavior of customers in such cases is more likely to resemble Ludomania, ”said Sergey Veschushchuk, general director of EQVANTA Group of Companies. According to him, such customers are included in the beginning of the chain when the threshold amount is exceeded, which is now more than 200 thousand rubles, for several expensive loans.
Moreover, MFIs are often not interested in the formation of such chains. According to Webbankir, Mikhail Akopov, the market participants “check customers to avoid the situation when the company becomes the last creditor in line, which no one will return anything.” MoneyMan CEO Artem Bykov believes that the influence of the new rules on the MFI will be “the stronger, the less the company diversified the product line and adapted to work with low -margin loans.”
