How to maintain water bottle correctly – BBC News in Serbian

Every time you drink a sip from your bottle for water, bring bacteria into it, and during the day they can be proposed until several million times. Here’s what scientists advise to do to prevent it.

Karl Benke has always wondered how pure his bottle for water is actually clean.

When he put on her paper napkins and rubbed them on the walls of the bottle, a surprise followed.

« The napkins were white, until I took them out, » Benke says, food safety expert at Perdy University, in the United States.

« Then I realized that the feeling of napkins sliding while cleaning the inside of the bottle was not due to its material, but due to accumulated bacteria, » he adds.

Then he designed how to conduct research.

Benke and his colleagues they stopped passersby In the hallways of the University and asked them whether they would be willing to give their bottles for water for research purposes to determine how clean they were.

« What was especially striking is the number of people who did not want to learn the results.

« In essence, they knew that the hygiene of their bottles was bad, or not cleaned, and these were later confirmed, » Benke said.

The results showed that those bottles were crowded bacteria.

The value of the world’s reusable water bottle is 2024. year amounted to the eye $ 10 billion.

Research conducted among health professionals in Italy has shown that half of them used reusable water bottles, and the share of these drinking bottles among the students was between 50 and 81 percent.

Although they help us be constantly hydrated, what these bottles are carrying everywhere we go and what we drink liquid regularly from them can be a risk to health.

So, should we not use them at all or possible those risks to keep under control?

What is actually inside the water bottles?

Although the water from the fountain is generally safe to drink, it contains a certain amount of microorganisms.

So if you leave water in the bottle for a few days, it can encourage bacteria growth, says Primrouz Fristoun, an extraordinary professor of clinical microbiology at the University of Lester in the United Kingdom (UK).

Bacteria that can cause infections in people best success at a temperature of about 37 degrees Celsius, but can be breeded at room temperature of about 20 ° C, explains Fristoun.

« The longer the water remains in the bottle at room temperature, more bacteria is propagated, » she says.

Research conducted in Singapore, in South Korea, in which water boiled water was used, which should eliminate most of the bacteria, that the number of bacteria can grow rapidly in bottles during daily use.

Researchers found that the amount of bacteria in water from the vials used by adults increased with about 75,000 bacteria per milliliter in the middle of one more than two million per milliliter during 24 hours.

Fristone says one of the ways to slow the growth of bacteria is that you keep between the use of the bottle in the refrigerator, although it cannot completely stop breeding bacteria.

However, although part of the bacteria stimulates from the water itself, most of them actually come from the Bottle users.

Whether you wear a bottle to work, at the gym or just keep it at home, her exterior will be full of microorganisms.

Everyone sips, these microbes are easily transmitted to the interior of the bottle, together with bacteria from your mouth, explains Fristone.

Bottle users who do not wash regular hands can also enter bacteria such as the collihy’s collection in their bottles, it warns it.

« If we do not take enough care of hygiene after using the restroom, bacteria associated with the feces, such as the collihy collection, from our hands, » she says.

Also, by dividing the bottle with others, viruses can be transmitted.

In this way, diseases like Norovirus can be easily transferred.

People generally have between 500 and 600 different species of bacteria in the lip duke, leads Fristone.

« What will not cause infection to you, does not mean that they will not.

« You can be a bearer of infection, without being aware of it, because our immune system successfully protects our body, » she adds.

Another way that encourages the growth of bacteria in the bottle is to pour anything but fresh water.

Baths that feed us, also food and microbes, so that sugar-containing drinks, can encourage the development of bacteria or mold in the bottle, explains Fristoun.

« Everything but water is a paradise for bacteria and fungi, especially protein shakes, » she says.

If you’ve ever left milk in a glass for a few hours, you probably noticed a thin layer that stays on glass when you spill the milk.

That layer of bacteria simply adore, Fristone says.

How can these bacteria affect us?

We are surrounded by bacteria in the soil, air and on your own body, but it is important to note that most bacteria harmless or even useful.

Water contaminated with bacteria such as an esherihi that can cause diarrhea and vomiting, but not always.

The Escherichi Kata is a large group of bacteria that naturally found in the environment, but they are also Natural residents of human bowels.

Only when these bacteria become pathogens, that is, when they make the traits that make them harmful, they can Challenge the disease.

Most microorganisms are not dangerous for people, but those who have weakened immunity can be more susceptible to infections, FRINSTOUN warns.

Also, viral gastroenteritis or stomach virus can sometimes cause long-term changes in the gut.

« Our bowels are constantly changing, but more than 1,000 different types of microorganisms live in them, so that the change in composition is difficult, » Fristone says.

« There are too many variable factors so that we can give the final answer, but the poisoning of bacteria from the water bottle certainly does not bring any positive changes. »

People who recently took antibiotics, which can influence their intestine flora, can become more sensitive to other infections.

Bris taken from the reusable water bottle in the premises of the editorial office in England, he discovered that these bottles can be suitable for the development of new strains of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics.

In a sample from the water bottle, researchers discovered the type of bacteria Klebsiella Grimontii which is capable of educating biofilm and otherwise sterile surfaces.

Although this bacterium can be found in normal gut microflora, it can cause serious diarrhea in people who recently took antibiotics.

If mildew or fungus develops in the bottle, it can cause symptoms in all suffering from allergies.

However, it is important to note that there are no observed cases of severe diseases directly related to the use of reusable bottles.

Of course, this does not mean that such cases do not happen, because otherwise it is very difficult to accurately determine the correct source of infection.

How should the reusable bottles clean?

Karl Benke felt that it should be a thoroughly cleaning his water bottle and it was a trigger to look more closely to what she finds.

He used a bottle with a filter, but he began to notice that water from it had an unpleasant taste.

« From time to time, I would wash out with hot water, and that would be everything, » he says.

Since his paper napkins found how dirty, Benkeys and colleagues have conducted a detailed research on the habits of people in terms of use and cleaning of water bottles.

They found that slightly more than a half of 90 respondents shared their bottles with others, while 15 percent admitted to never wash them.

The results were expected, because the level of contamination was directly related to whether someone was rinse or washed the water bottle at all.

However, Benke also found that the frequency of washing or manner of washing did not always crucially affect the level of contamination within the bottles.

The interior of the bottles that are washed with a brush or are placed in the dishwasher, the lowest concentrations of bacteria.

Benke and its associates point out that the most attractive way to cleanse bottles washing in the dishwasher with disinfecting program.

However, the study concludes that the results may not be fully accurate, because researchers had to rely on the respondent’s statements that may have given « socially preferable » answers.

It was also discovered that the bottles in which the tea, coffee or juice were considerably polluted than those in which it was exclusively water.

Regular and thorough cleaning of the bottles is the only way to make sure you do not get any harmful bacteria with the water.

Even if water in the bottle is sterile, your saliva will inevitably end inside, together with traces of nutrients that are ideal food for bacteria, warns Fristone.

The flush of the bottle of cold water is not sufficient, because it is not removed biofilms, slippery layers of bacteria that can be formed on the inner surface of the bottle, thus creating ideal conditions for their development, warns Fristone.

It recommends that these bottles are washed with hot water (above 60 ° C), as this temperature destroys most of the pathogens, and that the dishweight detergent is required.

The bottle needs to pour water and detergent, shake and leave that liquid to stand for 10 minutes, and then wash it thoroughly with hot water.

Then the bottle should be left to dry in the air, because microorganisms more like a humid environment.

Fristone advises that the bottle is cleaned after each use, or at least a few times a week, and that it should not be able to smell uncomfortable.

« If your pie starts stinking, you’ve been late.

« Then it’s best to throw her, » she says.

When you clean the bottle thoroughly, be sure to wash your hands before you touch it, adds Fristone.

Benke now has completely different habits regarding the use of the water bottle.

Pere is also dried in the air every week, uses a whitening agent and a bottle brush that thoroughly cleanses and cover and all other parts.

Is there a type of bottle that should be avoided?

Although some research shows that plastic bottles have more bacteria Than those of stainless steel, the most important way of cleaning is important.

« The most generous are those bottles that is easiest to clean, » Fristone says.

It adds that it is important to clean all parts of the bottle, as well as the exterior, cover and straw if there is.

However, there is another reason why metal should be chosen, not a plastic bottle.

« Plastic usually contains chemical supplements that give us useful properties such as flexibility, endurance, heat resistance, and small weight, » says Amit Abraham, an associate professor of clinical health sciences in Qatar.

« These supplements are physically bound to plastic, which means they can leak into the water, » he explains.

Some research indicate that these supplements, Like Bisphenol A (BPA)can impair Hormonal balance, and also connect with increased risk of heart diseases, stroke, diabetes, and other chronic diseases.

These supplements can penetrate the water, regardless of whether a plastic bottle for one-time or reusable, says Abraham.

Also, and Plastic itself It can start degrading in time, which increases the concentration of microclastics in the water.

That is why glasses made of glass or stainless steel is safer.

However, whatever bottle you choose, the most important thing is to thoroughly and regularly clean, as you will ensure that the water you drink is not full of harmful bacteria.

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