How Donald Tramp – BBC News in Serbian are calculated

US President Donald Tramp introduced Customs from 10 percent to goods from most countries imported to America, and even greater customs rate for, as he says, « worst violators.

But how exactly are these customs, practically import tax, calculated?

BBC factoring teamVerify) He studied the calculations behind these figures.

How are budgets committed?

When Tramp presented a huge cardboard table with customs customs in the rose garden of the White House, it is currently assumed that they are calculated based on a combination of existing customs and other trading barriers (such as regulations.

But later the white house published something that looks like Complicated mathematical formula.

However, if you disassemble this formula above, you will see that it comes down to simple mathematics: take the trading deficit in the goods for a particular country, divide it with the total number of imports from that country and then divide that number with two.

The formula also includes how much customs duties depend on the price of goods and how much the customs will affect these prices.

But the set values ​​used by the White House cancel each other.

The trade deficit occurs when the country purchases (imports) more physical products from other countries than they sell them (exports).

For example, America buy more goods from China than selling her – there is a deficit in Robbie worth $ 295 billion.

The total amount of goods purchased from China is $ 440 billion.

When you divide 440 with 295, you get 67 percent and divide it with two and circle it.

Therefore, Customs introduced China is 34 percent.

Similarly, applied to the EU, through a white house formula, it is reached by 20 percent.

Watch the video: Tramps of Customs – how they announced them

Are the Customs Tramps reciprocal?

Many commentators pointed out that these customs are not reciprocal.

Reciprocally, they would mean that they are based on what countries are already charging America in the form of existing customs, plus non-tariff barriers (things like regulations that raise costs).

But the document of the official white houses clearly puts it to know that they did not calculate their countries in this way, which introduced Customs.

Instead, customs duties were calculated based on whether it would eliminate the American trade deficit with each country.

Tramp deviated from the formula imposing customs to countries buying more goods than now than they sell it.

For example, America does not currently have a trade deficit with the Great Britain.

And again, the UK was introduced by a 10 percent customs.

Overall, with a new customer regimen, more than 100 countries are affected.

‘Much wider consequences’

Tramp believes that America is a victim of unfinished agreements in world trade.

According to his opinion, other countries have twisted the American market in cheap goods – which harms to American companies and cost them loss of jobs.

At the same time, these countries set up obstacles that make American products less competitive abroad.

And therefore, using customs to eliminate trading deficits, tramp hopes to revive American production and protect there employment.

But will this new Customs regime achieve the desired effect?

The BBC factual team discussed with a large number of economists.

The attitude of huge majority is that although customs could reduce the trade deficit between America and individual countries, they will not reduce the total trade deficit between America and the rest of the world.

« Yes, it will reduce bilateral trade deficits between America and those countries.

« But it will obviously be much broader consequences that are not covered by these calculations, » says Professor Jonathan Ports from the Royal College in London.

This is because the existing overall US deficit is not exclusively challenged by trade barriers, but how the American economy operates.

Under one, Americans spend and invest much more than they earn, and that gap means that America buys more than the world than it sells.

And so, as long as it continued, America could continue to have a deficit despite increasing customs to its world trade partners.

Some trade deficits could also exist from various other legitimate reasons – not only due to customs.

For example, buying food that is easier or cheaper for production in the climate of other countries.

« The formula was obtained through reverse engineering to rationalize the collection of customs countries with whom America has a trade deficit.

« There is no economic justification to do it and it will cost the world economy expensive, » says Tomas Sampson from London School of Economics.

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