How common is National Guard intervention in cases of turmoil? A look at US history

The demonstrations began on Friday, June 6, after the arrest of dozens of people by ICE (ICE) officials in various parts of the city of Los Angeles, USA, where almost half of the residents are Spanish or Latin Americans.

By night, more than 100 people had gathered at a federal center of detention center in the city center, where some immigrants were held, and the demonstrations continued on Saturday and Sunday, June 8, reaching the neighboring Paramount and Compton districts.

National guard soldiers, who had been sent by President Donald Trump, arrived in downtown Los Angeles on Sunday, June 8th.

This is not the first time a president has been checking on the guard to respond to protests and demonstrations, According to USA Today.

Following is a retrospective in cases where previous governments have sent its forces in cases of political turmoil and crisis.

What is the National Guard?

Unlike other bodies of the Armed Forces, the National Guard can be developed by both the states and the federal government, and its members serve at the same time in the National Guard of their state and either in the army or in the US National Guard Air Force.

Members of the National Guard can be mobilized by the rulers of the states in which they are inhabited by the US president.

State level mobilizations are often done to support communities during and after natural disasters and in the midst of demonstrations, according to the guard’s website, and were recently used to tackle pandemic and border safety.

The president may mobilize the National Guard for missions abroad, which, according to the Foreign Relations Council, has happened more often in recent years, citing missions to Afghanistan, Iraq, Poland and the Horn of Africa.

When have the Presidents called the National Guard in the midst of demonstrations?

Although US presidents have called on the National Guard dozens of times since the founding of the country to respond to « internal turmoil », only in 1967 the presidents made the Federal Guard to further assist law enforcement services that responded to protests and protests.

The first incidents of the National Guard’s mission to the suppression of political turmoil dates back to 1794 and in 1799, when Presidents George Washington and John Adams called on the State National Guard and Volunteer Units for the suppression of his 20th. National Guard.

The presidents have avoided calling the militia in response to political turmoil for most of the 19th century, according to the office, with state militia to suppress « labor uprisings and uprisings » most of the time.

Following the Civil War, the modern National Guard states that it played an active role in « suppressing racial riots and labor strikes in the late 19th and early 20th century » and for 90 years, from the beginning of reconstruction to the early years of civil rights,

The political rights movement

The political rights movement marked the beginning of a more visible federal presence of the National Guard in cases of turmoil, such as protests, demonstrations and uprisings.

During this time, Presidents Dwight N. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy and Lindon B. Johnson put the federal administration « to impose the expansion of civil rights and to secure public order ».

Soldiers are watching protesters on civil rights during Selma’s third march in Alabama on March 25, 1965. President Lindon Johnson set up Alabama’s National Guard under Federal Administration to prevent violent clashes.

The National Guard participated in many of the most important events of the political rights, such as the abolition of racial segregation in schools and the violent conflicts that followed in Little Rock in Arkansas in 1957, at the University of Mississippi in 1962 and the University of Alabama.

Alabama’s National Guard was also called to a Federal Service for the Selma-Modgomery march in 1965, according to the National Guard office.

Members of the National Guard were also called during the « Detroit uprising » in 1967 and to respond to the protests and violence that followed the murder of Martin Luther King Junior in 1968.

Following the mission of the National Guard from Trump on Sunday, June 8, the two most recent times that a president used the National Guard for political unrest operations were about 55 and 33 years ago, respectively.

President Richard Nixon developed the force in 1970 in response to the strike of postal employees, which was the first and biggest strike against the federal government.

May 3, 1992, members of the 18th Equestrian Squadron, a unit of the California National Guard, stand during a mission to the southern center of the city during the 1992 riots in Los Angeles. (AP Photo/Joe Marquette)

More recently, President George W. Bush, the Elder, called on the members of the National Guard to respond to the 1992 riots for Rodney King, who erupted after the acquittal of Los Angeles police officers who beat the black motorist Rodni.

Riots left 60 dead and 2,300 wounded, according to Bill of Rights Instituteand thousands of members of the National Guard, the US Army and the Marine Corps have developed in the city.

Shipments of National Guard to Los Angeles: A Short History

The National Guard has been sent to Los Angeles several times in response to political turmoil and natural disasters, at the request of state and local officials.

National Guard is a well -known power in large areas of state that have undergone historical fires in recent decades, including the wider Los Angeles.

• In 1965, nearly 14,000 National Guard troops were sent to Los Angeles in the midst of Watts’ demonstrations, at the request of California’s deputy commander, according to Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute at Stanford University.
• In 1992, former President George W. Bush, the Elder ordered the National Guard to respond to Rodney King’s protests in Los Angeles, who left more than 60 dead and 2,300 injured, according to the Bill of Rights Institute. It was the last time that the law on the uprising was invoked by a president.
• In 1994, the guard was sent to help the consequences of the Northrigue earthquake. The 6.7 -magnitude earthquake caused billions of damage, mainly in the San Fernando valley, 20 miles northwest of the center of Los Angeles, and killed at least 57 people.

It has been the first time for decades that a president has been developing such troops without the commander’s consent or explicit invitation, according to Reuters, and this move has led the California Governor Gavin Newsom to declare that he intends to sue the government.