Gazelle ensure a significant contribution to the growth of the Russian economy
Despite the small share of fast -growing companies (BRK) in the Russian economy (less than 2% of the total number of legal entities), they provide a significant contribution to its increase. As stated in a joint study of the consulting company Yakov and Partners and Business Russia (it was based on data on 24 thousand enterprises), if in 2013-2018, the so-called Gazelle firms accounted for 17% of the revenue of the Russian economy, then in 2018–2023, almost two-thirds (61%). Experts attributed to BRK companies with revenue from 1 billion to 100 billion rubles, the growth of which at least four times in five years exceeded the “Inflation + 20%” indicator. The total number of such firms increased 2.5 times, from 107 in 2013-2018 to 263 in 2018–2023.
On average, Gazelle create about 23% of the increase in revenue in the economy, while in crisis periods (in 2020 and 2022) their contribution to the increase in revenue exceeds for half. It should be noted that most of these organizations (71%) were able to grow on their own, a fifth part (22%) is affiliated with a large business. There are among the BRK and the “daughters” of foreign companies (6%) – often Chinese. As for the industry section, in the TOP-3 in 2018–2023, most (43%) fell on the field of trade, 15% for construction and 13% for production. In general, according to experts, BRK can appear in any industry, including the most traditional, but most likely their occurrence in growing culture and sports, finances and ICTs.
The success of the Gazelle is due to the ability to quickly make decisions, quickly adapt to changes and focus on the development of unique products, the authors of the study emphasize. At the same time, the development of such firms is most strongly restrained by the shortage of personnel and capital. Moreover, the second problem was always, even when the cost of loans was not so high. The most acute shortage of debt financing is felt by small and medium -sized companies (SMEs and SMEs+). “With revenue to 5-10 billion rubles. (depending on the industry) attracting debt financing is almost impossible, ”the report says.
According to experts, the potential of BRC is not enough and we need new support tools – targeted, not limited by individual industries or categories of business and aimed at successful companies. According to experts, the removal of barriers for fast -growing companies can add from 2.7 trillion to 4.5 trillion rubles. Already in 2030 and from 3.4 trillion to 6.8 trillion rubles. By 2036. Another positive effect can be an increase in the productivity of the economy as a whole, which will help solve the problem of short -range deficiency.
