35 years since the most violent mining in post -December Romania

On June 13, 1990, the most violent mining in post -December Romania began, when the peaceful protests in the University Square were brutally repressed, and the miners were restored to the Capital under the pretext of restoring the order.

The phrase « Mining » appeared in 1990, becoming the generic term for the repression actions by the miners of the protesters in Bucharest, who were pronounced for democracy, freedom of expression and political pluralism. Mining « a word that can be found anywhere in the world with a similar significance. A word that, related to the name of Ion Iliescu, defines the situation in which a politician in the highest and most important position in the state, sets in motion a certain professional category (in our case) that he as a diversionist, on the rest. « 28 years since the mining from June 13-15, 1990 ».

These days, the authorities triggered the violent repression against the protesters in the University Square in Bucharest, who peacefully manifested against the regime led by Ion Iliescu. The law enforcement intervened in force, arresting hundreds of people, devastating the headquarters of independent organizations and editors.

In the following days, thousands of miners from the Jiu Valley were brought to the Capital, under the pretext of restoring order. The Mining of June 1990 was the bloodiest of the three of that year, resulting in dead, injured and serious deterioration of the international image of Romania in the post-communist context.

(Photo: Mining of June 1990)

« Death to the intellectuals! ”

«The day of June 13, 1990 was marked by the chaos of street actions that established the chaos in the capital of Romania. There were a series of strange episodes, which left the impression that Bucharest is besieged by the forces of occult powers: the police buses were burned, the television headquarters was attacked, which led to the TVR broadcast.

The miners appeared the next day, at night in the head: brought with special trains, several thousand miners came to the center of the capital and entered the University Square screaming angrily « Death to the Golan! » and « Death to the intellectuals! »», Also mentions the quoted article

«Then, they entered the headquarters of the Faculty of Geography and Geology, as well as in the Faculty of Architecture. Armed with sticks and thick rubber hoses provided with metal insertion, the miners arrived inside the higher education institutions, savagely beat everyone present, and some students were arrested. The whole university was devastated by suffering the same brutal treatment through which geography and architecture had gone through. The laboratories were destroyed, the burned books, the teachers and assistants, arrested. Many students were beaten hard just under the eyes of policemen who did absolutely nothing to prevent them. Moreover, the police were the one who made available the doubts in which those arrested by the miners were loaded. ”, The quoted article also mentions.

casualty

The number of victims is controversial. Officially, according to the records from the parliamentary commissions of inquiry, the number of the wounded is 746 and the number of the dead is six: four dead by shooting, a dead following a heart attack and a stabbed person. Viorel Ene, the president of the « Association of Victims of Mining », said that « there are documents, testimonies of doctors, people from the royal and Străulești cemeteries. Although I have always stated that the real figure of the dead is over 100, no one has contradicted us so far and there has been no official position ».

According to the Institute for Investigation of Communism Crimes, eight people have lost their lives in those days. Over 1,600 people were injured or detained abusively. Between June 13-15, 1990, 200 children were beaten and arrested. The youngest was 9 years old.

Effects

Internally, the mining in June 1990 represented a period of lack of freedom of the press through the unilateral presentation on the only television at that time (only from the point of view of the FSN power), preventing by threatening the emergence of the Free Romania newspaper. The headquarters of the opposition parties were devastated. The power of FSN has failed to generate evidence with which any of the arrested persons would be convicted in court. Acting as an independent force of the miners, the law enforcement was substituted and implicitly undermined the state, and the consequence was the action against the state in the next three miners (against the Petre Roman Government in September 1991 and the Government of Radu Vasile in January 1999 and February 1999). The external effects were catastrophic, Romania was excluded from any financing of international bodies and the Assistance Agreement with the IMF was interrupted. Thousands and thousands of young people left the country. Very slow, these effects were removed and the confidence of the West, which seemed permanently lost, was rebuilt and Romania became a member of NATO and the European Union.

Mining process of June 13-15, 1990

For more than a quarter of a century, the Romanian justice was protected for the hell to solve the file « Mining of June 13-15, 1990 ». File that was opened, closed and then reopened, as the parties reached the country.

Subsequently, our country was convicted of the ECHR for delaying the resolution of the « Revolution files » and the « Mining file of June 13-15, 1990 ». In both files, those involved are accused of committing crimes against humanity.

But, for now, 35 years from those terrible episodes, things are going very hard and we are still extremely far from pronouncing some sentences, whatever it is.